Three Acanthus species (A. ebracteatus, A. ilicifolius and A. volubilis) can be found in the mangrove area in Singapore. A. ilicifolius has light violet flowers while both A. ebracteatus and A. volubilis have white flowers. A. volubilis is a climber with smooth leaf blades. The leaves of both A. ebracteatus and A. ilicifolius may be lobed with spines along the leaf blade.

1. Guide to the Mangrove of Singapore

2. Wildsingapore